numpy.log1p() in Python

array    : [array_like]Input array or object.
out      : [ndarray, optional]Output array with same dimensions as 
            Input array, placed with result.
**kwargs : allows you to pass keyword variable length of argument to a function. 
           It is used when we want to handle named argument in a function.
where    : [array_like, optional]True value means to calculate the universal 
           functions(ufunc) at that position, False value means to leave the 
           value in the output alone.

An array with natural logarithmic value of x + 1; 
where x belongs to all elements of input array. 

# Python program explaining
# log1p() function
import numpy as np

in_array = [1, 3, 5]
print ("Input array : ", in_array)

out_array = np.log1p(in_array)
print ("Output array : ", out_array)

Input array :  [1, 3, 5]
Output array :  [ 0.69314718  1.38629436  1.79175947]

# Python program showing
# Graphical representation of 
# log1p() function
import numpy as np
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt

in_array = [1, 1.2, 1.4, 1.6, 1.8, 2]
out_array = np.log1p(in_array)

print ("out_array : ", out_array)

y = [1, 1.2, 1.4, 1.6, 1.8, 2]
plt.plot(in_array, y, color = 'blue', marker = "*")

# red for numpy.log1xp()
plt.plot(out_array, y, color = 'red', marker = "o")
plt.title("numpy.log1p()")
plt.xlabel("X")
plt.ylabel("Y")
plt.show()  

out_array :  [ 0.69314718  0.78845736  0.87546874  0.95551145  1.02961942  1.09861229]